Communication difficulties can make it hard for you to understand and use language. You might find it tough to speak, understand what others are saying, or both. You may use short sentences, mix up the order of words, or say “um” a lot. These challenges can make things difficult at home, in school, and with friends. Communication difficulties are different from speech sound disorders. Speech sound disorders are where you might have trouble making sounds, whereas with communication difficulties, you can make sounds but have trouble using them to communicate. It’s important to know that these difficulties are not your fault, and that there are ways to get help.
What is typical?
As you grow, your communication skills develop over time. Most people reach certain milestones as they learn to communicate. Here’s what you might expect to see at different ages:
- By age 2: You can usually say a few words and understand simple instructions.
- By age 3: You can speak in short sentences and follow simple directions.
- By age 4: You can tell simple stories and understand basic concepts like colours and shapes.
- By age 5: You can use full sentences and understand more difficult instructions.
- By ages 6-7: You can have conversations and understand stories which are read to you.
- By ages 8-9: You can understand jokes and riddles and use language to express your thoughts clearly.
- By ages 10-11: You can use language to learn new information and explain your ideas.
- By ages 12-14: You can use language to discuss abstract ideas and understand different points of view.
When should I be concerned?
There are signs that you might be having communication difficulties. These signs can differ based on your age. You might have trouble learning and using language, both spoken and written. You might struggle with vocabulary, sentence structure, or having conversations. You may use short, simple sentences or put words in the wrong order. You might say “um” a lot or repeat parts of questions before answering. You might avoid talking to people you don’t know well. Moreover, you may have a limited vocabulary, which can add to communication difficulties. You may also have trouble organising your thoughts or following directions.
What can I do to help?
If you think you have communication difficulties, here are some things you can try that people have found helpful:
- Practice speaking: Talk to friends or family about your day. This helps you get used to using language.
- Read books: Choose books that interest you and read them out loud. This can improve your vocabulary and understanding.
- Use visual aids: Draw pictures or use gestures to help explain your thoughts.
- Play language games: Take part in games that involve naming objects or describing things.
- Ask for help: If you’re struggling, ask a teacher or caregiver for help. They can give you tips and support.
- Repeat and practice: If you hear a new word, try using it in a sentence. Practice makes perfect!
- Stay positive: Remember that everyone learns at their own pace. Celebrate your progress, no matter how small.
What kind of professional support can I seek out?
If your communication difficulties last more than a few weeks, ask for help from a. professional, from a trusted adult or from your school. Getting help early is better for your communication skills and self-esteem. There are many different types of professionals in schools that may be able to help. This includes special education teachers and speech-language pathologists. These professionals, especially those who have experience with learners who learn differently, can offer support.
Where to find more information
If you need additional help or information, talk to a trusted adult (like a caregiver, teacher or mentor), a counsellor, or a health professional. Reach out, stay connected, and ask for help. Remember that effective treatments for all mental health problems are available, and you may need to talk to a number of different people before you get the help that you need.