Over the course of a week or even during a single day, we might see our moods change based on what we do or think about. Sometimes we feel happy, playful, or cheerful. Other times, we might feel sad or demotivated. Both learners and teenagers also have these mood changes. Sadness is normal, but it can become a problem if it lasts a long time or keeps coming back.
What is typical?
It’s normal for learners to feel sad when bad things happen. We all do, everyone has bad daysHowever, when good things happen, we often start to feel better. . But if learners stay sad even when good things are happening, there might be a problem. As educators, it’s important to recognise that sadness is a normal emotion, but persistent sadness can be a sign of something more serious which may need to be addressed
When should I be concerned?
While younger learners are usually less moody, teenagers often experience mood swings (because they are undergoing a process of development). This can make it hard as an educator to notice constant sadness. Educators might first see that a student stops participating in class or in activities they used to like. Or, they may participate but not enjoy the activity. Excessive smartphone or computer use can also be a sign that a learner is trying to avoid feeling sad.
Signs of persistent sadness:
- Being easily annoyed
- Feeling hopeless most of the time
- Lacking energy or seeming lazy most days
- Losing interest in things they used to enjoy
- Having trouble concentrating, even on simple tasks
- Having trouble making decisions
- Struggling with schoolwork
- Saying negative things about themselves
- Having negative thoughts about the world, other people, or the future
- Changing eating patterns, either eating too little or too much
- Gaining or losing weight quickly
- Withdrawing socially
- Being tired most of the time
- Having trouble sleeping
Other signs may include feeling very sad, feeling like nothing matters, feeling lonely, avoiding people, feeling worthless, feeling guilty, thinking about death, or having thoughts about self-harm. Physical signs can include a fast heartbeat, shaking, sweating, or stomach pain.
What can I do to help?
- Be available to talk and listen: Let the learner share their feelings without judgment.
- Suggest new experiences: Encourage the learner to try new activities or join clubs to connect with others.
- Reflecting on previous successes and achievable goal setting
- Promote a healthy lifestyle: Encourage healthy eating, exercise, and sufficient sleep.
- Include physical activity in class: Incorporate movement into lessons or transition times.
- Create success opportunities: Plan activities where the learner can experience success and receive positive reinforcement.
- Offer extra support: Provide additional help with assignments or flexible deadlines.
- Communicate with caregivers and support staff: If sadness is significantly impacting the learner, inform caregivers and consult with the school counsellor or psychologist.
What kind of professional support can I seek out?
It’s okay to worry about your learners, especially if they show signs of persistent sadness and demotivation.
There are resources that could help the learner with these problems. However, always consult with their parents.
Ask the school counsellor for guidance and refer the learner to them.
Recommend taking the learner to a psychologist or family doctor/nurse.
If you as an educator need extra support, there are wellness programmes made available by the Department of Basic Education and Health which you can attend in person or online.
Where to find more information
For detailed information on mental health conditions, visit our guides for health professionals.