People look different from one another. Everyone has different genes and cultural backgrounds that affect their growth, bone structure, body size, shape, and weight. Throughout life, various messages about ideal body features influence how people view their own bodies, known as body image.
What is body image?
Body image is how people see their own bodies when they look in a mirror or imagine themselves. It’s a mix of feelings, thoughts, and beliefs about their appearance. Body image can be positive or negative and may be the same or different from what others see.
Why body image matters
In today’s world, physical appearance gets a lot of attention. This can affect how children and especially teens feel about themselves. Their body image can directly impact their well-being and self-esteem.
What is a typical body image?
Many children and almost all teenagers worry about how they look. Adolescence brings many physical changes, relationships with peers, and social media messages about the ‘ideal’ body. Teens might change their look using hair styling, makeup, clothing, and accessories. Some dissatisfaction with their appearance is normal. However, extreme focus on looks and constant attempts to change them need attention.
When should I be concerned about a child’s body concerns?
Some children and teens have unrealistic views of their bodies. Those with negative body images may keep their thoughts about their looks secret or openly talk about what they dislike. Both can be harmful.
Caregivers should watch for children and teens who seem overly focused on their appearance. These kids may see themselves very differently than how others see them. Family or friends’ reassurances might not change their mind.
Other signs of concern include:
- Using nutritional supplements or steroids
- Excessive exercising like weightlifting
- Fixation on skin scars or facial features (e.g., overuse of makeup, tanning salons)
- Feeling unattractive
- Constantly checking perceived flaws in mirrors or photos
- Low self-esteem and emotional problems
What can I do to help?
Caregivers know their children best. If you think your child has negative thoughts about their looks, try these steps:
- Be supportive. Let your child know you notice their behaviour and ask how they feel. Assure them you are there to help.
- Talk to your child. Understand their feelings by asking simple questions and listening to their perspective.
- Focus on health. Emphasise that a healthy and functioning body matters more than appearance.
- Highlight other qualities. Draw attention to their personality or achievements.
- Avoid criticism. Do not criticise their appearance or share your own body concerns.
- Do not support extreme measures. Avoid helping with extreme measures to change their appearance, like visits to plastic surgeons.
What kind of professional support can I seek out?
Caregivers might feel embarrassed or guilty if their child has body image issues. However, support is available.
Talk to your child’s paediatrician or family doctor. They can refer you to other specialists, such as mental health professionals.
Mental health professionals can help both the child and the caregivers. They can work with you to support your child at home and in therapy.
Public services are also available at your local clinic.
When looking for affordable services, it may also be helpful to explore local non-governmental organisations which offer services to families.
Local universities may offer services to the public as part of professional training programmes.
Please don’t give up if you don’t have success in your first attempts at getting help. Go back to the services listed above and look at our online list for additional resources or support. Your child is worth the effort.
Where to find more information
For detailed information on mental health conditions, visit our guides for health professionals.